History:
The history of Hyderabad city is a rich and an intriguing one. While touring the city of Nizams, you might want to know the history behind certain places. Thus it is always better to have some primary information about the ancestral past and origin of Hyderabad so that you get an idea as to how the place used to be and how has it evolved into the present city that it is now.
The Hyderabad city has witnessed the rise and fall of many dynasties. It was during the rule of the Qutub Shahis that the city flourished and many palaces and beautiful monuments and forts were built, which added to the beauty of the city. Hyderabad was previously known as Golconda. Mohammed Quli Qutub Shah of the Shahi Dynasty named it Hyderabad. It is said that he fell in love with a humble courtesan named Bhagmati. He named the city Bhagyanagar after her. After they got married, she changed her name to Haider Mahal and that is how the city was named Hyderabad. Literally translated, Hyderabad means the "city of Haider". Hyderabad flourished during his reign extensively as it became an important trading zone for all the merchants coming from Asia and Europe.
The fame and abundant prosperity of the Hyderabad city reached the ears of the powerful Mughal ruler Aurangazeb who captured and plundered the wealth of the flourishing Hyderabad city. Aurangazeb then ruled the city of Hyderabad with his newly appointed Prime Minister Asaf Jah. When the Mughal rule came to an end, Asaf Jah became the ruler of the whole Deccan region, which undoubtedly includes Hyderabad city. In 1798 Nizam II, the second Asaf Jahi ruler signed a pact with the British and East India Company that made the British troops stay nearby. The British chose a place near the Hussain Sagar Lake and became involved in building Secunderabad, the twin city of Hyderabad. It was named after the Nizam Sikander Jah.

Geography:
Situated on the Deccan Plateau, Hyderabad has an average elevation of about 489 metres above sea level (1,607 ft). Most of the area has a rocky terrain and some areas are hilly. Crops are commonly grown in the surrounding paddy fields.
The original city of Hyderabad was founded on the banks of river Musi. Now known as the historic Old City, home to the Charminar and Mecca Masjid, it lies on the southern bank of the river. The heart of the city saw a shift to the north of the river, with the construction of many government buildings and landmarks there, especially south of the Hussain Sagar lake. The rapid growth of the city, along with the merging of Secunderabad, 12 municipal circles and the Cantonment has resulted in a large, united and populous area. Still so many villages near by are getting a facelift to merge in the twin cities in the near future.

Weather:
The weather in Hyderabad varies from season to season. Summer temperatures in Hyderabad vary between a mean maximum of 40 deg Celsius to a mean minimum of 30 deg Celsius.
As opposed to this, winter temperatures vary between 22 deg Celsius to 14 deg Celsius The rains occur between June to December.
After the monsoon withdraws, the maximum temperature rises slightly due to increased insulation. 
Hyderabad is very pleasant between November to February.
The summer months are uncomfortable owing to the heat. The months between July and September are warm, humid and uncomfortable. 
The city receives more than 75 per cent of its rainfall from the south-west monsoon between from June to September. Humidity is very high during July to September.